The Battle of the Somme – 1 July–18 November 1916

At the outbreak of the First World War, the Devonshire Regiment had 6 battalions - 2 regular; 1 Special Reserve, and 3 Territorials. Combining with 2 Devon Yeomanry regiments, they eventually formed 24 battalions, and 1 single company. Ten battalions of the Devon Regiment fought on a number of fronts – North Russia, Italy, Egypt, Macedonia, Palestine, Salonika, Mesopotamia, Belgium and France. Records detail that more than 6,000 Regular and Territorial men were killed and approximately 18,000 injured. The Devonshire Regiment won sixty new battle honours, 2 Victoria Crosses and over 1,250 other gallantry awards and mentions in Despatches.

The Battle of the Somme (the Somme Offensive) was fought by the British Empire and French Third Republic armies against the German Empire, and took place between 1 July-18 November 1916 – 141 days. As implied in the name, the battle took place on both sides of the River Somme in France. At the end of the first day, there were over 58,000 British casualties including 19,000 killed – the worst day in the history of the British Army. Nine Victoria Crosses were awarded for action that day. Overall, more than 3 million men fought in the battle and 1 million were killed or wounded, and it is one of the deadliest battles in history. At the end, Allied forces had breached 6 miles (10 kilometres) into German occupied territory.

A few years ago, research in German archives identified that the date and location of the British offensive may have been revealed by 2 politically disgruntled soldiers several weeks in advance, which enabled the German military to plan and undertake significant defensive work.

How was this Battle, other war related issues and general life being reported in North Devon?

4 July

A report dated 3 July states that the ‘great offensive on the Western front, which began on Saturday morning is developing satisfactorily, and the Allies have made substantial progress. The attack covers a front of about 20 miles, and extends from the Somme to within about 10 miles of Arras. Over 9,500 prisoners were captured, with the French taking several villages and the British taking, amongst others, Serre, La Boisell and Montanban. Comparatively the Allies’ losses were small, while Sir D Haig states that later information shows that his first estimates of the German losses were too low. A French estimate of the Allied advance puts it as “1¼ miles in depth on a length of 25 miles”.

It was reported that Private Leonard Braund, of Bucks Mills, with the 1st Div Canadians in France, has been promoted to Lance Corporal. Mrs Braunton, of 25 Coldharbour, Bideford, received 2 telegrams from the War Office, also a letter from the Hospital, stating that her son, Private T A Braunton of the Devons, is dangerously ill. He is in the Hospital at Rouen, France.

Second-Lieutenant Arundel Geoffrey Clarke, 5th Battalion, Rifle Brigade, was killed in action 1 July 1916 and is buried at AIF Burial Ground, Flers, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France.

11 July

In the Battle of the Somme the British are being opposed but, in the words of General Sir Douglas Haig, have been able to make ‘further progress at certain important points.” From the Ancre to the Somme the battle raged at close quarters yesterday and during the preceding night. German counterattacks were checked with heavy enemy losses. The Kaiser’s General Staff has lifted the curtain a little and gives the German people a glimpse of the Allies’ successes in the Somme battle. Yesterday it admitted slight progress by the British near Thiepval. 

The following messages have been passed between the King and General Sir Douglas Haig:

‘Please convey to the Army under your command my sincere congratulations on the results achieved in the recent fighting.
I am proud of my troops. None could have fought more bravely.
George R.I.’

Sir Douglas Haig to the King: ‘Your Majesty’s most gracious message has been conveyed to the Army, on whose behalf I return most respectful and grateful thanks. All ranks will do their utmost to continue to deserve your Majesty’s confidence and praise.’

The casualty lists issued contains the name of J May of the Devon Regiment, who died while on active service. He belonged to Appledore. Devonshire Regiment casualties reported by the War Office include among the wounded, Lance-Sargeant P Bright of Torrington.

Thirty five cases were dealt with at Wednesday’s sitting at Barnstaple of the Northern Panel of the Devon Appeals Tribunal, Mr Stucley presiding. Many of the applications were for extensions of time, previous temporary exemptions having been granted. Lieutenant Stirling, the military representative, in the course of the proceedings, pressed strongly the military claims in the case of the younger men, and pointed out that it was very few of these cases which were coming before them now. Nearly all the young men who had come before the tribunals seemed to have obtained exemptions, and now they were getting before them older and often married men passed only for home or garrison duty. This was very unsatisfactory for the military. Dealing with the cases of several sons on farms, Lieutenant Stirling said it was remarkable how some Devonshire farmers had all their sons serving, whilst others succeeded in dotting them about and keeping them all at home. “Devonshire is too muddy for ladies” was the opinion of William Cann, Chulmleigh.

Military Service Tribunals were created by borough, urban district and rural district councils to hear requests for exemption from conscription into the Army. Initially they came about as part of the Derby Scheme in 1915 but continued because of the Military Service Act 1916, under which conscription was introduced. There were County Appeal Tribunals formed by county councils where applicants not happy with the decision by their local tribunal could appeal. The final court of appeal was the Central Tribunal in Westminster, London. Men could appeal against conscription on grounds of undertaking work of national importance, medical unfitness, domestic/business hardship, or conscientious objection (of which there were about 2%). By the end of June 1916, almost 750,000 men applied whereas up to the same date, 770,000 had joined the Army.

Gamekeepers of military age are not entitled to exemption from military service.

The Rev R Dobbie commenced his ministry at Appledore Congregational Church. Miss Gwendoline A Turner, daughter of Mr and Mrs W H Turner, of Bideford, and Arthur C Hagan, were married on Monday, June 12th at the home of the bride’s uncle in the US.

18 July

In the hope of counteracting the Franco-British successes on the Somme, the Germans are flinging every available man and gun into yet another effort to capture Verdun. East of the Meuse a portion of the ground lost by the French was recovered during the night, but yesterday the attack was resumed by the enemy. Debouching from Fleury and the Vaux-Chapitre Wood with six regiments he attacked with great violence the front north of Fort Souville, which is 2½ miles from Verdun. His losses were heavy, but he managed to gain a little ground in the vicinity of the cross roads north of the fort.

The weekend brough a series of further successes for British arms. Our northward push is making steady progress all along the line from Ovillers to the region of Guillemont, and in places we have penetrated the third German line, thereby having advanced more than four miles from the line held on the morning of July 1st.

Mrs Mary Prouse, of Hartland, has heard that her son, Pte James, 2nd Devons, was admitted to hospital in Rouen, with a gunshot wound in finger. Corporal G T Brayler, RFA, has been promoted to Sergeant. 

The death of Lieutenant J T Bowden, a native of Bideford, was announced. The following deaths from disease have been officially notified to relatives: Privates W H Buckingham, W A David, R Horrell, F Dowdle and A Hearn. Relatives at Northam, have been officially informed of the deaths in action of Private F Cooksley. Private W Rice (both of the Devons), Private W Cawsey and Private H Hearn. The following names appear in the casualty lists as previously reported wounded, now reported as wounded and missing: E Arthurs; Lance-Corporal E Brayley; F Cloke; Sergeant T H Lawrence; and W W Shaddick. 

Private Frederick Cooksley – died 1.7.1916, 1st Bn Somerset Light Infantry (16648) (formerly Devonshire Regt). Commemorated at Thiepval, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France. Son of George Henry and Mary Jane Cooksley.

Private Arthur Hearn – died 11 July 1916, Welsh 15th, (20418) is commemorated at Thiepval, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France. Son of Thomas and Mary Hearn.

The Prime Minister was questioned about the proposal to further postpone munition workers’ holidays. The Government decided it was essential in the national interest that there should be no holidays, general or local, until such subsequent date as might be announced. August Bank Holiday would be suspended by Proclamation. No better service could be rendered by the workers than by continuing the present adequate supplies of munitions to show the enemy that the present intensity of bombardment and assault would, if necessary, be continued indefinitely.

An important estate sale was held at Holsworthy, when freehold properties situate in the parishes of Shebbear, Halwill, Bradford, and Holsworthy hamlets were offered by Messrs Kivell and Harris. The estate was sold by the order of the Court of Chancery, and the vendors were the representatives of the late Rev W R K Baulkwill, who for some years was the Governor of Shebbear Bible Christian College. A small holding and grist mill, known as Dipper Mill, was secured by the tenants, Messrs Rudland Bros., merchants. Allacott, a farm, was purchased by the tenant, Mr Thomas Griffen, and Dipper Mill Farm went to Mr Quance of Roborough.

There was a large congregation of friends at Abbotsham parish church on the occasion of the marriage of Miss Gertrude Frances Cordelia Boyd and Lieut Anthony Lionel Yeo Dering. There were over 220 presents and they left by motor to spend the honeymoon in Porlock. 

25 July

Despite unfavourable weather the British troops on the left of the front of attack north of the Somme were able during Monday night to make a substantial advance on a front of about 1,000 yards north of Ovillers, thus increasing the threat to Pozieres. Strongly defended positions were stormed. Yesterday evening the enemy opened an attack on the other extremity of our battle front – near Longueval and Delville Wood. The effort was prefaced by a bombardment with gas and lachrymatory shells. A later report – Great energy and strong forces were flung into the German counter-attack that was begun on Tuesday evening against the right wing of the British battle front north of the Somme. Some ground was gained by the enemy, but yesterday we recovered most of it. 

The death of Lieutenant R C Boyd, killed in action on July 14th, was announced, as were those of Privates Harold John Bright and Robert Dark. Much sympathy is felt for Mr and Mrs David Griffiths, of Fair View, Irsha Street, Appledore, who received news that their son, Lance-Corporal David Henry, is in hospital at Eastbourne. They also received news that another son, Private Frank George Griffiths, had been killed in action in the same battle in France on July 1st. Mrs Mary Prouse, Hartland, received intimation that her son, Charles, was killed in action on July 1st, in France.

 

After getting through the heavy fighting at La Boisselle with only a knee wound, Serjeant Major W H Collins was wounded on 12th July and is in a war hospital at Woolwich suffering from fractured ribs through being buried by shell, and from being gassed. Whilst at ‘Commons’ Hospital, Westward Ho! before going to the front for the third time, Serjeant Major Collins was a valued and popular instructor to the Bideford and District Company of the VTC. 

Lieutenant R C Boyd died on 14 July 1916 and was in the 8th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, and is buried in St Helen’s Churchyard, Abbotsham. His death is commemorated at Mametz, Departement de la Somme.

Private R H Dark (16036) was in the 9th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, and died on 1 July 1916. He is commemorated in the Devonshire Cemetery, Mametz, Departement de la Somme.

Private Frank George Griffiths (20657) died 1 July 1916, 9th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment. He is commemorated in the Devonshire Cemetery, Mametz, Departement de la Somme.

Charles Prouse (15075) died 1 July 1916, Devonshire Regiment, and his death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial in France. 

In the Commons, Mr King asked the Government why the war expenditure of this country, from causes beyond the control and foresight of the Government had risen from £5,000,000 to £6,000,000 a day. 

Conscientious objectors – Mr Forster, in Parliamentary papers, says that the case of every conscientious objector who has been sentenced to imprisonment will be submitted to the Central Appeal Tribunal. Those undergoing detention fall into two categories – those who are obeying military commands, and those who refuse. The latter are being brought to trial by court martial and they will, if convicted, be transferred to civil custody, and their case will be dealt with by the Central Appeal Tribunal. Conscientious objectors, who whilst undergoing detention obey orders, will not be placed in a worse position than those are disobeying orders, and their cases also will go to the tribunal.

At the Devon Appeal Tribunal at Exeter, a Holsworthy dealer, John Henry Green, who traps over 15,000 rabbits a year caused some humour.  

1 August

Although the Germans have brought strong reinforcements of infantry and guns to the Somme front and have made repeated attempts to hurl the British back from the positions they had won, failure has been their only reward. On Monday afternoon they essayed an attack on the British right flank, and in the evening launched two assaults on the centre. In each case an intense fire prevented them from reaching British lines and there is no doubt they suffered very severe losses. In Pozieres British persistence has triumphed over German pertinacity. Yesterday morning Gen Dir Douglas Haig reported that we had at length driven the enemy completely from the village. A strong vantage point for future operations is therefore in our hands, and the good news will nowhere cause more elation from in Australia, whose gallant sons have contributed largely to the event.

Delville Wood is British again. It last fell into our hands on July 15th, but the enemy recovered a portion of it. Daily, however, we have been driving back the Brandenburgers who shared with us the tenancy of the wood, and our determination to prevail over these troops of ‘Douaumont fame’ was fulfilled during Thursday night.

Reports from the French front on the Somme describe a new form of German method of using the civil population as a screen against the enemy attacks.

A letter from H Hearse, Lieutenant, Adjutant – Batt. Devonshire Regiment, addressed to a battalion at home, states “As a large number of the men who took part in the operation of the 1st July were supplied by your battalion, I am writing you a short account of what took place, so that you may know that your labours have not been in vain…..”

A supplement of the London Gazette identifies those Devons who have been awarded honours – Captain Humphrey Dene, Captain Harold Francis Lewis Hugo, Temporary Second-Lieutenant Samuel Hugh Duff, Second-Lieutenant William John Peters, Company Sergeant Major Walter J Holwill, Battery Sergeant-Major Clack, Company Sergeant-Major C R Coventry, Battery Sergeant-Major G Franks, Battery Sergeant-Major H Hobbs, Sergeant-Major J B King, Battery Sergeant-Major G H Osborne, Battery Sergeant-Major S R Scott, Battery Sergeant-Major E Sidgreaves, Acting Battery Sergeant-Major J Spackman, Sergeant-Major A J Tyrell, Battery Sergeant-Major J E Volsey, Lance-Corporal R W Beal, Lance-Corporall T R T Mardon, A C/M/S Melhuish, Sergeant R J Melhuish. It was reported that Sergeant-Major Fred W Miller has been awarded the Military Cross; his wife resides at 2 Richmond Terrace, Appledore.

At the North Devon Appeal Tribunal in Barnstaple, Robert Moor, a butcher of Torrington, appealed for further time for Ernest Albert Cutis, who case had been adjourned for him to get an older man failing cooperation among the butchers, which the local tribunal suggested should be arranged. Lieut Stirling pointed out that the Torrington Tribunal had since granted another local and older butcher, Reddaway, six months, and that he promised to help the others – Moor said he had applied to Reddaway, who had a one man business and could only help him an hour before breakfast, which was not sufficient. Exemption granted to 1st September (final), the Chairman remarking that the tribunal considered Reddaway had been let off for the express purpose of helping the others.

Mrs (Julia) Paddon received a letter from his Captain informing her that her husband, Sergeant (William) Harold Paddon, Gloucester Regiment, has been killed in action. Mr and Mrs W H Marsh, of Haddon, Bideford, heard unofficially that their second son, Corporal H W Marsh of the Gloucesters, was killed last week in France near the Somme. Mr John Oke, of Upcott, Welcombe, has received information that his younger son, Walter John, Devons, was killed in action on July 1st. Brigadier-General W M Southey, of Broomhayes, Northam, has been told that his eldest son, Lieutenant R G M Southey, has been reported missing since July 24th. The funeral of Private George Cook, Devon Regiment, took place at Clovelly amid many manifestations of grief and sympathy.

Sergeant (William) Harold Paddon (21530), 14th (Service) Bn, Gloucestershire Regiment, died 19 July 1916 and his death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial.

Corporal Horace William Marsh (3194), 1st 6th Bn Gloucestershire Regt, died 21 July 1916 and he is commemorated at Pozieres, Departement de la Somme.

Private William John Oke, (14646), Devonshire Regiment, died 1 July 1916 and is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial.

Lieutenant R G M Southey died 23 July 1916 and his death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial.

Private George Cook (20815), Devonshire Regiment, died of wounds on 13 July 1916 in hospital in Manchester. He is buried at All Saints Churchyard, Clovelly.

8 August

On the Somme front the only change is the capture by the French of a trench south of the river, in the region between Estrees and Belloy. Later in that week, the French gained a little ground both north and south of the Somme and, in what was described as a ‘local attack’ we captured the German second defensive system north and west of Ponzieres on a front of more than a mile. We advanced 3,000 yards for s distance varying from 400 to 600 yards.

The King addressed messages to the Sovereigns and Heads of Allied States, emphasising his steadfast resolution to prosecute the war until the objects for which it is being fought have been achieved.

At the Northern Panel of the Devon Appeal Tribunal, Richard John Cann, married, employed as a porter and storeman, claimed exemption from the service, both combatant and non-combatant, on ground of conscience. Chas Slyfield, single, Sheepwash, desired complete exemption or exemption conditional on his being engaged on work of some national importance (see also 29 August 1916).

News of the death of 2nd Lieutenant C E Lincey was announced. Mr and Mrs Richard Bartlett received intimation of the death of their son Harry, killed in action on July 10th or 12th. Deceased, who was well known in Bideford, leaves a widow and two children.

Sergeant Henry Bartlett (16568) was in the 10th Bn Welsh Regiment and his death is recorded as 12 July 1916. His name is recorded on The Thiepval Memorial.

At the meeting of the Devon Agricultural War Committee, it was stated that 291 women had offered the Women’s War Committee their services. There appeared to have been very little demand for their service. An important order relating to lights came into force on August 7th saying that the screening of lights is made general and householders should make a point of reading the order.

The Women’s Land Army was created in 1917 as a British civilian organisation and was a means of inspiring women to replace men who had worked in agriculture before joining the Services. The women were more commonly known as ‘Land Girls’. Find out more information using the following link: Women's Land Army (World War I)

At the intercessory service at the Parish Church, Bideford, on Friday evening commemorating the second anniversary of the outbreak of war between Great Britain and Germany, there was full congregation. The civic procession was escorted by the Band of the local Volunteers, the members of which body formed a guard of honour outside the church.

15 August

A very curious and instructive glimpse of German military conditions in the present phase of the war is given by an officer who has described, in a letter which the Times has been permitted to publish, some of the things he saw in the German lines during and after the first great British advance. For the German officers luxury has been provided even in trench-life. “The German dugouts! My word, they were things of beauty, art and safety. Thirty and forty feet deep, some with ten or a dozen rooms, electric light, hot and cold water, bath rooms”. Tapestry, handsome carpets and stores of choice liqueurs and cigars helped to make the trench installations of German officers conform to their requirements. There is no luxury for the German rank and file. 

The Guillemont region (north of the Somme) was the scene of France-British operations. The British are exerting pressure in the outskirts of the village. To the south of it – i.e. east of Trones Wood – they have pushed forward their lines about 400 yards. There are indications that another forward move by the British on the Somme is about to take place. The process of demolishing the enemy’s defences by artillery has been proceeding steadily.

Application came before Bideford Town Council for a grant towards arms and equipment for the Bideford Company of the 3rd Battalion of the Devonshire Volunteer Regiment. The VTC’s as they are still popularly regarded have become an important branch of our home defence forces and since their official incorporation under War Office recognition will very probably develop into a still more important branch of the Services.

Corporal John Dunn, the son of Mr and Mrs J Dunn, Littleham Mill, has died from wounds received in action. Mr H Page has been officially notified that his son, Private William Page, has been missing since July 1st. Second-Lieutenant Nixon, Devons, Westward Ho! is officially reported wounded. 

Private William Page (11326), Devonshire Regiment, died on 1 July 1916 and is commemorated at Serre Road Cemetery No. 2, Serre-les-Puisieux

At Braunton County Sessions, Bernard Blunt, a visitor staying at Instow, was summoned under the Aliens’ Restrictions Order for failing to furnish to the registration officer the address of Lyyli Kylmanen, an alien living in his household, at Instow. It was agreed that the omission was quite unintentional on his part, there was no intention to evade the law and therefore there was no conviction. An appeal has been made to women to take service under the Red Cross as nurses and members of Voluntary Aid Detachments in military hospitals.

It is now prohibited to sketch or photograph within five miles of the coast in the Counties of Devon, Cornwall and Somerset. 

The pressure of events has again forced the question of Women’s Suffrage to the front in connection with the proposed Registration Bill. At the annual meeting of the Capital and Counties Bank, Mr William Garfit, the President, declared that the Bank was now employing 750 women who were giving every satisfaction.

Blackberries were picked near Fremington. At Adjavin Farm, for Mr William Dennis, Mr Walter J Slee made a remarkably high price per acre for a field of oats. Nearly a month of continuous brilliant weather has made corn harvesting operations possible in North Devon much earlier than was expected in the middle of July. A very pretty wedding took place at the parish church of All Saints’, the contracting parties being Mr James Jewell and Miss Lucy Jennings.

22 August

The headline is that there has been a 3 mile gain on the Somme.

The King revisited his armies in France and some of the scenes of the later desperate struggles, and in a message to the troops his Majesty states that he returns to England more than ever proud of them. They are, he says, in splendid condition, all ranks animated by cheerful confidence, and are resolutely maintaining the offensive by day and by night.

At the Northern Panel of Devon Appeals Tribunal, a farmer appealing for his 19 year old son, pleading shortage of labour, was advised that arrangements had been made to have soldiers available at Exeter. But there was grave doubt about the men coming because applications had not been put in for them. Men for the harvest were certainly available if applied for. Jas. Stevens, road contractor, appealed for Ernest Glover of Venn Cottage, Woolsery, who was granted an exemption to September 29th (final); and George S Ridley, a married photographer, artist, fancy dealer, stationer, etc. of Clovelly was referred for a medical examination.

Friday night’s London Gazette announces that on and after the first of September motor spirit shall not be used for the purpose of char-a-bancs, or other like vehicles, on any excursion, or trip of any sort, except trips connected with ambulance work or hospital work, trips in connection with military or munition service, or the conveyance of munition workers to and from their work.

Mr Schouldie, of Castle Hill House, Torrington, entertained about 100 wounded soldiers of the Commons Convalescent Hospital, Westward Ho! The party was driven to Torrington in conveyances supplied by Messrs R Dymond & Son.

Much sympathy is felt for Mr and Mrs John Jenkins and family, in the loss of their son, Private Mark Jenkins, who has been officially reported killed on July 7th. R J Heaman, previously reported as missing, is now reported as killed. A letter from Lieutenant C Thrupp (Queen’s) to Mr Edwin and Mrs Foden, of Buttgardens, Bideford, conveyed the sad intelligence that their only son, Private, Edwin C Foden, has been killed in France. Private J Jewell, of the Devons, youngest son of Mrs Jewell, 24 Meddon Street, is in the county hospital, Colchester, suffering from wounds received in France on 1st July. He is progressing favourably. Corporal C Babb, of the Australian Expeditionary Force, son of Mr F Babb, of Hillside Terrace, Bideford, has been wounded in France and is now in hospital in Dublin. He was previously wounded in the Gallipoli campaign. Gunner H S Jewell, of Cow Park Terrace, Northam, has been awarded the Military Medal for services on the Somme on July 1st.

Private Mark Jenkins (2873) 7th RI Fusiliers, died on 7 July 1916 and his death is commemorated at Thiepval, Department de la Somme, Picardie, France.

Private Edward Cecil Foden (PS/2695), Royal Fusiliers, died 9 August 1916, and is buried at Caterpillar Valley Cemetery, Longueval.

Private George Essery, (202479), died 14 August 1916, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry, and is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial

29 August

South of Thiepval troops captured an enemy trench 400 yards in length, and advanced 200 yards. There is a steady flow of German surrenders. On Wednesday night the Germans made a violent attack on the British trenches, so determined that they reached the parapet in some places. There were beaten back and heavily punished. The French scored a notable triumph over the enemy by turning him out of Maurepas, and advancing a considerable distance beyond. They captured 200 prisoners and ten machine guns, and advanced about a mile and a half.

Villagers return to the Somme

Charge Through A Hail Of Shot And Shell – of the part played by the men of a certain battalion of the Devon Regt is some hard fighting during the ‘Great Push’ a thrilling account is given by wounded officers and men of the regiment who have returned home.

The Secretary of the War Office makes the following announcement:- Since his Majesty’s Government decided to invite offers of service of persons desiring to be formed into Volunteer Corps under the Volunteers Act of 1863, the services of 247 infantry battalions have been accepted by the King. Every county in England, as well as many of those of Scotland and Wales, is represented in the list, and further offers are still being received.

The funeral of the first Bidefordian who has died from wounds received in action to be buried at home took place. The deceased was Private Reginald Bettis, second son of Mr and Mrs Bettis, of Barnstaple Street. Mrs Richards, of Tower Street, Bideford, received official notice through the War Office that her husband, Sergeant W E Richards, was killed in action on 1st July. He leaves a widow and two children, and has five brothers serving in the forces.

Official intimation has been received that Driver W Tithecott, RFA, of Bideford, succumbed to injuries received on July 1st. The youngest son of the Rev Herbert and Mrs Marianne Trotman, of Bideford, Corporal Leslie Trotman, is unofficially reported killed in action on 21 August. News was received that Regimental Sergeant-Major Fred W Miller, of the Liverpool Regiment, had been killed by shrapnel. On 1 August 1916 it was reported that he had been awarded the Military Cross.

Private Reginald Bettis (18787), 9th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, died 19 August 1916 at York Military Hospital from wounds received at the Battle of the Somme.

Sergeant William Ernest Richards (11190), Devonshire Regiment, died 1 July 1916, and his death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial. 

Driver William Henry Tithecott (11579), RFA B/84th Brigade, died July 1916. He is buried at Dive Copse British Cemetary, Sailly-le-Sec, Department de la Somme.

Lance-Corporal Leslie Barrett Trotman (2651), 4th (Territorial) Battalion, The Gloucestershire Regt, was killed in action during the storming of the Leipzig Redoubt on 21 August 1916. His death is commemorated at The Thiepval Memorial.

Regimental Sergeant-Major Frederick Miller (5641) MC. 1st/9th Battalion, The King’s Liverpool Regt, died 12 August 1916. His death is commemorated at The Thiepval Memorial.

At Barnstaple Tribunal, Alfred T Long, master decorator, house and insurance agent, and organist and choirmaster at Clovelly Church asked for absolute exemption on the grounds of serious hardship. He had asked for labour at home. The exemption was granted. In the House of Commons, the Secretary of War was asked if was aware of the treatment of Mr Charles Slifield, of Sheepwash, North Devon, by the Army Medical Board (also see 8 August).

The Home Secretary informed Sir Robert Pearce in the House of Commons that three hours following the midnight (summertime) of the night of September 30th-October 1st were included in the summertime period. The change did not take place until 2am summertime or 3am Greenwich time October 1st. At that hour the clocks would be put back one hour so that the period 2-3am summertime would be followed by a period 2-3am Greenwich time.

An interesting ceremony took place at Bideford when the Mayor and Lady Rosamond Christie presented War Workers Badges to upwards of fifty of the regular workers under the officially recognised War Office Scheme for organising the voluntary making of comforts for our troops. The recipients were Mesdames Paton, Buckley, A E Jenkins, H N G Stucley, R M Harrison, Miss E Farrington, Mesdames M J Short, I Jewell, A Tristain, Bate, E Jenn, E Wills, Madame Coune, Mddle L Coune, Mr A Clements, Mrs S Clements, Mesdames K C Love….M T Vincent, B F Pound, H F Nelson, E J Sutherland, Mead, A A Kelly, Mis W C Tatem, Mrs A Matthews, Miss A T ……. Mrs Harvey, Cruise, Mrs N Beara, Mrs Lamerton, Mrs M A Squire, Cary, Mesdames Brownstone, Nicholls, Sly, Misses Cadd, Mesdames M A Lee, Pitt, Roberts, Miss Nellie Vincent, Mesdames K E …., B A Squire, A E Osborn, Dimond, Miss G Shepherd and Mrs J ….

There was a crowded attendance at the Town Hall assembled to do honour to the third Bidefordian who has won the distinction in the great war of having the Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM) conferred on him by the King for bravery in the firing line. Private R G Found, of the King’s Liverpool Regiment, son of Mr and Mrs Found, of Geneva Place, Bideford, is a Bideford lad, who against the wish of his parents determined to be a soldier and joined the Devons just a few months before the outbreak of war.

Concessions to farmers – Mr G C Smyth-Richards (Secretary of the Barnstaple War Agricultural Committee) has received from Mr F Hutton, a circular letter calling attention to the following extract from Army Council Instructions: - Agricultural labourers passed fit for home service only. In future all men employed as agricultural labourers shall, provided that when called up

• they are 35 years of age or upwards:
• have been classified by a Medical Board as fit for service in Category C:
• produce a certificate from their employer that he is desirous of retaining their services;

be relegated to Army Reserve Class W for so long as it is necessary to retain them in civil employment, and all such men at present serving in the ranks may, if willing, on application by their former employer, be similarly relegated to Army Reserve Class W.

Mr C T Bell presided over a meeting of the Committee of the Bideford Volunteers Equipment Fund and advised that an account was opened at the National Provincial Bank with a balance of £40 10s 6d. It was unanimously agreed that the Fund should stand as the 3rd Volunteer Battalion Devonshire Regiment, Bideford Administrative Company Equipment Fund.

At Bideford County Sessions, Daniel Hambly, of Bideford, pleaded guilty to driving a four wheeled brake twenty six minutes after lighting up. He was cautioned and ordered to pay 3/- towards expenses. Florence Hocken, a young woman of Horn’s Cross, and Winifred Daniel, of Bideford, were summoned for riding bicycles without lights at 9.40 on August 12th. Defendants were cautioned but no convictions were recorded. Hocken was ordered to pay 3/- towards the expenses.

5 September

A French official report states, that in conjunction with the British, the French attacked the German positions north of the Somme on a front of over 3 miles. All the objectives were carried. The villages of Le Forest and Clery were captured and 2,000 prisoners, 12 guns and 50 machine guns were also taken. The British report announces the capture of part of Ginchy and the whole of Guillemont, besides progress east of Moquet Farm. Several hundred prisoners were taken.

Lance-Sergeant C Smith and Private W Scilly, of the Devons, attached to the Dorset Regimet, are reported to be among the prisoners of war in the hands of the Turks. The death of Private Alfred Woolf of the Devonshire Regiment was announced. Private B Silly, of the Devons, son of Mr and Mrs Silly, of 10 Searle Terrace, Northam, was wounded in action on July 29th.

Lance-Corporal Alfred Woolf (15968), Devonshire Regiment, died 30 August 1916 and he is buried at the Corbie Communal Cemetary (Extension), Corbie, Department de la Somme.

Special war allowances to necessitous old age pensioners were announced. The war bonus for Devon police has been raised from 2s to 5s 6d a week. Eggs for wounded soldiers sent away by the Bideford Farmers Union Egg Collection now total 37,818. The amount collected on ‘Daisy Day’ in aid of the National Children’s Home was £15 7s 10½d.

Sanger’s Royal Circus is to visit Bideford, and they have previously performed before King George V, the late King Edward and his illustrious mother, Queen Victoria. The animals performing include horses, elephants and sea lions. Dorothy A Molland, 13 Rockmount Terrace, Bideford, has been successful in passing the Junior Cambridge Examinations, with distinction in spoken French. Properties for sale are in Victoria Grove, New Street, Honestone Street and Milton Place.

A pretty wedding was solemnised at the Congregational Church, Appledore, between Mr Thomas Taylor and Miss Hilda Hobbs. And at Westleigh Church, Walter Heywood married Minnie Holman, the niece of Mr and Mrs Dennis, of Bradavan, Westleigh.

12 September

Important and successful developments of the British offensive north of the Somme are reported in Sir Douglas Haig’s weekend communiques. Attacking on a front of 3½ miles extending from High Wood to the recently conquered Leuze Wood, we have substantially advanced our line, occupying the whole of the stubbornly defended and strongly fortified village of Ginchy. Severe defeats were inflicted on the Germans and 3½ miles of our front has been pushed forward to a depth of from 300 yards to 1¾ miles. Many prisoners have been taken in these latest successes towards which troops from Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Warwickshire, Kent, Devon, Gloucestershire, Surrey and Cornwall have splendidly contributed.

At the sitting of the Northern Panel of the Devon Appeals Tribunal, the case of George Riley of Clovelly was discussed and it was stated that he had been passed only for service at home on sedentary work. Mr T A Goaman appeared for the appellant. Edwin Fishley, carrying on the New Market Hotel, Torrington, and a dairying and farming business for himself, a brother serving, and a sister in London, appealed against the local tribunal’s refusal to grant him further time. The local tribunal considered the business could be carried on in appellant’s absence. Its decision was upheld.

A further extension of the scope of enlistment for military service is announced. On Wednesday night a start was made in the posting of notices announcing the formation under the Derby scheme of what will be known as Group B.

The London Gazette announced the award of 20 Victoria Crosses including one to Private Theodore William Henry Veale, of the Devon Regiment.

The death of Sergeant William Abraham Brenchley Tuke was announced. He was killed in action of July 19th. Mr Tom Darch received official notification that his son, Private William Henry Darch (9763), of the 2nd Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, died from wounds received in action on August 26th (recorded as 22nd August 1916 on military documentation). This is the second son Mr Darch has lost in the great war. Lance-Corporal Driver F Butler is lying in Leicester Base Hospital suffering from wounds received during the ‘Big Push’ on the Somme. His friends in Bideford will be glad to learn that he is progressing favourable. Mr and Mrs J Bird, of the Lamb Inn, Honestone Street, Bideford, learned that their son, Thomas, succumbed to wounds received in action. A younger brother, Private Herbert Bird was reported wounded on the same date and a third brother is serving in the East. Mr Cecil Hancock, of Well Street, Torrington, has been notified that his brother, Private J C Hancock, late of High Bickington, attached to the Devons, was killed in action on 1st July.

Private Thomas Bird (R/186) was in the 10th Battalion, King’s Royal Rifle Corp and his death is recorded as 4 September 1916. His name is recorded on The Thiepval Memorial.

At Bideford County Session, Clara Jane Wiley of the Bath Hotel, Westward Ho! was summoned by the police for that on the 16th August, she did ‘unlawfully throw into or lay upon a certain public place there situate, broken glass to the annoyance of passengers there, so as to cause danger to such passengers or animals there.’ She was found guilty of breaking the byelaw and fined 6/-. Mrs Wiley tendered a £5 note and said she would have the change from the Magistrates Clerk (Mr Seldon) next day.

Reverend Preb. M D Dimond-Churchward, MA, announced his resignation after 45 years as Vicar of Northam.

Mrs Sanders of Park Cottage (Horwood and Newton Tracey) received a certificate granted to women workers on the land. Mrs Sanders has been milking for some time past. A pretty but quiet military wedding took place in the Buckland Brewer Parish Church between Private S H Dymond and Miss Brock, of Hemberry. 

19 September 

The French achieved important results north of the River Somme. Strategically the principal success is that they have reached and interrupted the great national road that runs through Arras, Rapaume and Peronne. Later that week, General Sir Douglas Haig gave the order for an attack on six miles of front north of the Somme. Brilliant results were speedily achieved. It was reported that fighting, which lasted all day, and in which the enemy showed his usual reluctance to admit defeat, we captured nearly all the high ground on the six mile front. The greater portion of the villages of Flers, Martinpuich and Courcelette fell into our hands, and we also took most of Bouleaux Wood and the redoubtable High Wood. Our airman daringly assisted in the attack, using their machine guns at close range against retreating foe. 

Mr Lloyd George returned to London, after his visit to France, in the course of which he took part in important war conferences in Paris and also visited the battlefields on the French and British front. Accompanied by the French Minister of Munitions, he went to Rheims and Verdun, and then proceeded through our Ally’s lines to the scenes of the French fighting on the Somme. A visit was also paid to several hospitals. 

Mrs Hearn, 12 Hart Street, Bideford, has received news that her husband, Private J Hearn, has been wounded and is in the County of London War Hospital. Private Burrough, youngest son of Rev Courtney Burrough, Vicar of Woolsery, has been wounded in France. Mr H Sansome, of Clovelly Road, has received intimation that his brother, Private Arthur King Sansome, has been severely wounded in France. Private Frederick Short, of the Devons, son of Mrs Mary Jane Short (Hartland), died in hospital in France, on 12th September, from wounds. His injured leg had been amputated and everything done to save his life, but without success. Official intimation has been received by Mrs Shortridge that her husband has been killed in action. He was a private in the Gloucesters, and leaves two young children. Private Reggie Clements, of Bideford, is also reported to have died of wounds received in action. Private Frank Herbert Short, of the Gloucesters, a son of Mr and Mrs Thomas Short, of Milton Place, Bideford, who joined up only two months ago, is reported killed (see 10 October). Mr J Elliott, of the Swan Inn, Bideford, received news that Sergeant Edwin Brewer, of the East Kents, was killed in action on September 4th. Sergeant Brewer will be remembered in Bideford as a very successful trainer who prepared the rowing crews of the Bideford Amateur Athletic Club in 1912. Mr T Darch, of Lovacott, has lost his second son, Private William Henry Darch, in the great war. 

Lance-Corporal Reginald Clements (16488), Devonshire Regiment, died 6 September 1916 and is buried at Bernafay Wood British Cemetery. His death is commemorated at Montauban-de-Picardie, Department de la Somme.

Bideford War Supply Depot – some hundreds of thousands of mufflers, mittens, helmets, etc. are required for the several theatres of war. The Bideford Depot has already sent consignments of woollen comforts to Mesopotamia, and is now preparing a further supply of mittens, etc. to meet requisitions at hand. Bideford traders agree to close their respective establishments on Mondays, Thursdays and Fridays, at 6pm; Tuesdays at 7pm, and Saturdays at 8pm, from 1 October 1916 to the 31st of March, 1917. Fish are plentiful but absolutely refuse to be tempted by the bait. Madame Adele Vilars Hoare will resume her Bideford classes at The Royal Hotel on Tuesday 26 September at 2.15pm.

At St Helen’s Church, Abbotsham, the wedding was celebrated of Mr John Huxtable, late Corporal, Royal Field Artillery, and Miss Eveline Gilbert, of Fosketh Terrace, Westward Ho!

26 September

“The result of the fighting on the 13th and 14th is of great importance, and is probably the most effective blow which has yet been dealt to the enemy by British troops.” This stimulating sentence is from a report issued yesterday afternoon by General Sir Douglas Haig on the great battles of last weekend. Later that week, he reports the capture of a document signed by General von Falkenhayn which shows that far from having that unlimited supply of guns and munitions that they would have the world believe. It is officially reported by the French General Staff that from July 1st to September 18th the number of prisoners taken on the Somme front was: by the British, 21,750; by the French, 34,050. East of Courcelette, the British extended their gains on half mile front a strong system of German trenches. A heavy counter-attack near Mouquet Farm was defeated by our fire.

Mr T Pollard presided over the sitting of Bideford Borough Tribunal. William Vellacott, married, chauffeur to Dr Ackland, reported that he had been medically rejected and was exempted from military service. W A S Bromell, 28, single, manager at Messrs Merefield and Trapnells, had passed C1, garrison duty at home, and was given a conditional exemption to 1st December. Fred G Nicholls, 35, married, four children, breeches maker, had his application dismissed. H W Burrow, 35, married, three children, cycle shop manager, mechanic and repairer had passed C1, home service, was exempted to 1st January. William Found, 19, single, painter’s apprentice, application was adjourned for a medical certificate. C P Milson, 35, married, assistant overseer, rate collector and accountant was represented by Mr W H Huxham on the grounds of national interest and financial hardship. Medially rejected under the Derby Scheme, and now passed by Medical Board only for C3, sedentary work at home. Granted conditional exemption. E W Soutcombe, 25, married, bootmaker, had only passed C2, home service. Arthur John Mills, 26, married and one child, horseman, offered himself for enlistment during the present war and was medically rejected. See Report Charles Littlejohn, 28, single, of dental surgery, applied on grounds of serious financial hardship, and ill-health or infirmity. He was granted conditional exemption to 1st November to enable him to wind up his business. No further appeal without leave. Frederick Glover, 28, single, horseman applied for by Mr John Whitton, Higher Winsford, was granted an exemption to 1st January with the applicant to try and get a man over age. Herbert Moon, 30, married, branch manager for O Nicklin & Sons, had his case adjourned for a fortnight for medical examination. William Henry Jeffery, 22, single, shorthand writer, typist and draughtsman, classified as C2, labour at home, was exempted to February 1st. Albert Short, 27, married, mechanic driver, applied for by Mr W H Elliott, who had two sons serving. Adjourned for a fortnight for medical examination. Alfred R Adams, 28, married, three children, only male assistant left at Farleigh’s Stores, had passed only for Class W, Army Reserve. Exempted to 1st January. J Dunn, 28, married, wheelwright, applied for by Mr Fulford, carriage builder – Dunn was stated to be only passed for garrison duty at home and the case was adjourned for the production of the medical certificate. W J Couch, 21, single, accountant, was rejected in 1915 and now passed C2, exemption granted to 1st February. Use the following link to find more information about subscription: Conscription in the United Kingdom

In village news, Alwington provided anecdotes about the enthusiasm shown by females. A very successful fete in aid of the British Home in Vienna and the Devonshire and Clovelly Nursing Association has been held, by kind permission of Mrs Hamlyn, in the beautiful grounds of Clovelly Court.

Sergeant-Major Collins (mentioned previously) gave a successful lecture to the Bideford Company Volunteers about his experiences in France.

Temporary Second-Lieutenant Stanley Renton of the Devon Regiment, has been awarded the Military Cross for conspicuous gallantry in action (He died on 6 May 1917 and is buried at Mory Abbey Military Cemetery in France). The Distinguished Conduct Medal has been awarded to Company Sergeant Major E Littlewood, of the Devon Regiment, for conspicuous gallantry. Lance-Sergeant W Potter, Devon Regiment, has been awarded the DCM for conspicuous gallantry and devotion during protracted operations when in command of a machine gun team. Lieutenant Commander Lawrence R Palmer, who has received the DSO for conspicuous gallantry in the Jutland battle, is a son of Mrs Palmer, of Little Hill, Instow.

Mr and Mrs Brimacombe, 44 High Street, Bideford, have received notification that Private R T Brimacombe has been severely wounded in action. Corporal W Nichols, Coldstream Guards, son of Mr and Mrs R Nichols, of Bideford, was wounded in action. Lance-Corporal Sydney Farleigh, son of Mr and Mrs J H Farleigh, High Street, Bideford, writes home that he had been hit in the right foot, just above the instep.

Mr and Mrs Carrington of Northam, have received notification that their only son, Captain H E Carrington was killed in action on September 15th.

Captain Harold Edward Carrington, 15th Battalion Hampshire Regiment, was killed on 15 September 1916, in the attack on Flers on the Somme front and was buried where he fell, north of Delville Wood. His name is on The Thiepval Memorial.

Private Montague Thomas Cawsey died 22 September 1916 and is commemorated at The Thiepval Memorial.

Messrs Harris, of Appledore, received information that a lifebuoy of the P T Harris, was picked up of the south-east coast of Ireland, near the Kish Lightship.

The death of Anson M Hubbard, a direct descendant of King Hubba the Dane, was announced. For more information on Northam's 2 Saxon battles, use the following link: 2 Saxon Battles

3 October

It was reported that Monday was a day of great gains by both the British and French north of the River Somme. All along the line the British were brilliantly successful and advanced on the whole of the six mile front between Combles and Martinpuich. Many prisoners and much war booty were captured, and severe loses were inflicted on the foe. Later in the week, it was reported that Thiepval, which had defied all attempts to take it since July 1st, was taken by the Briitsh. The German General Staff have not admitted the loss of Combles, and their communique is an eloquent commentary on the subterfuges to which they are resorting to cover their discomfiture.

Members of the Devons (most of whom took part in the battle of Mesopotamia) arrived home on leave. Those detailed as wounded are Privates Leonard Matthews; Arthur Gregory; Ernest Found; Frederick Wheaton; Arthur Beer; William Charles Newcombe, James Prouse, Ash; Driver John Short. Private F T Squires, of the Devons, (Cross Street, Northam), who was wounded on 4th of September, a bullet entering his chest and piercing his lung, is now doing well in a hospital in Swansea. Many friends will be glad to know that Captain G W A Doe (Devons), son of Mr G M Doe, Town Clerk of Torrington, is progressing favourably in Darell’s Hospital, London.

The death of Second Lieutenant Thomas Theodore Norrish on 13 September 1916, was announced. He was reported as wounded and missing following the fighting at Leuze Wood during the Battle of the Somme and is assumed to have died. It was officially reported that Private A Woolf (Devons) of Bideford, had died of wounds. Mr and Mrs T Hearn, Lower Castle Street, Northam, have received official news that their son, Lance-Corporal A Hearn, Welsh Regiment, is reported wounded and missing since 11 July.

Lance-Corporal A Hearn (20418), 15th Battalion, Welsh Regiment, died 11 July 1916. He is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial.

Second Lieutenant Thomas Theodore Norrish (2128), 1st Battalion (11th Foot), Devonshire Regiment, died on 13 September 1916. His death is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial. 

Lance-Corporal Alfred Woolf (15968), Devonshire Regiment, died 30 August 1916 and is buried at Corbie Communal Cemetery, Departement de la Somme, Picardie.   

There have been numerous donations from schools towards the Jack Travers Cornwell memorial fund. For more information, click on THIS LINK 

Thirty two cases were dealt with by Bideford Rural Tribunal and in 12 of them, including several single young men working on short handed farms, conditional exemptions were granted. A number of other cases were adjourned or given short exemptions for medical examinations. The application of William George Lee, of Littleham, who had taken a farm at Fremington, was refused. The application of Charles Harrison, a farm horseman of Hartland, was dismissed. 

Bideford and District Hospital acknowledges with thanks gifts of grapes from Wear Giffard, Abbotsham and Alwington Church Harvest Festivals; vegetables and apples, Huntshaw Church; apples, flowers and vegetables, Bideford Parish Church; vegetables and jam, Rev R J Fyffe; grapes and cucumbers, Miss James; vegetables, ham, eggs and margarine, Mrs Walmsley; and flowers, Mrs Bayly. 

A quiet wedding was solemnised at the United Methodist Church, Hartland. The contracting parties were the Rev Leonard Westlake and Miss Mary Christmas.

10 October

The dispatch from British Headquarters said that the night had been quiet on the Somme front. The Times Correspondent suggest that in order to avoid heavy losses, the Germans on the Somme are holding their trenches very lightly. Later that week, it is reported that Eancourt l’Abbaye, between Le Sars and Guendecourt, is again in the undisputed possession of the British, and all the German trenches between Morval and the St Pierre Vaast Wood have now been taken by the French. On Thursday, north of the Somme, two counter-attacks in the Thiepval area were ‘severely handled and repulsed’ by the British. During the bombardment that preceded the British advance on the Somme front last Friday, our guns must have thrown at least 12 million shells on the enemy’s lines and positions, says Mr Malcolm Ross, War Correspondent with the New Zealand Forces. 

Privates Branch and Wilfred J Sluman are the first in Bideford to receive the new silver war service medal for wounded soldiers invalided out of service. For more information, read the following link - Silver War Badge and King's Certificate

Nurse Davidge and Nurse Mellick Jones, of St Heliers, Meddon Street, Bideford, having offered their services for War Work at the outbreak of War, have been called upon to take charge of Mrs Car… Bellairs’ Private Maternity Home in Kensington, for the wives of Belgian Officers. They expect to return to Bideford in April 1917. 

Private F H Short, Devons, previously reported killed on 6 September, wrote to his parents on 22nd September saying he was injured and now a prisoner of war. Private Percival Robert Smallridge, Devons, one of the three soldier sons of Mr R Smallridge, ferryman, of Instow, has been wounded in the head and hand. Several casualties to St Giles men were reported – Privates Kelly, Lock, Hookway and Sanders. Official notification was received with great regret that Captain Cecil Hampson Martin, eldest son of Temporary-Captain A McNeil and Mrs Martin, of Stanwell, Westward Ho! was instantaneously killed by an aerial dart on October 2nd. Mrs Stoneman received a communication that her husband Private George Stoneman, Devons (15737) has been killed in action somewhere in France.

Private George Stoneman (15737), 8th (Service) Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, died 4 September 1916 and is name is recorded at Becodel-Becourt, Departement de la Somme.

Lieutenant Hubert Guy Bromilow McLaughlin, 7^th Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders, died 12 October 1916 at Eaucourt l’Abbaye. He is buried at Warlencourt-Eaucourt, Departement du Pas-de-Calais, Nord-de-Calais, France. 

At the Northern Panel of the Devon Appeals Tribunal, Mr H N G Stucley presided. The cases that were considered related to George A Box, John Reddaway, G H Johns, W Mogridge, J H Lethbridge, Ernest Cole, Alfred Bailey, Ernest Alfred Radford, P C Hamlyn, Arthur Stanley Fogaty, and John Harris. 

The wedding of Mr Frank C Lewis, from Northam, to Miss Clara Mary Charbeneau, was announced in an American paper. Also announced in The American Review, Minnesota, was the wedding of Harry Glover to Miss Anna Mabelle Rood. Harry Glover is the eldest son of Mr and Mrs Glover of Meddon Street, Bideford, and is a prosperous business man from Lockland, Ohio, where he is in the employ of the Grasselli Chemical Company. The couple met when he was a patient in the Wesley Hospital, Chicago, and Miss Rood was his nurse. Mr Richard Prust of Cheristow, Hartland, and Miss Isabella Ethel Stevens, were married at Withycombe Church, Exmouth. 

About 60 employees of W Vaughan and Sons’ gloving factory came out on strike, demanding an increase of a penny per dozen for work done. Mr Harris, the Chief Organiser for the County, acknowledged the gentlemanly manner in which he was received by Mr Vincent of the Company.

17 October

South of the Somme, on a front of three miles, stretching northward from Caulnes, the French resume the offensive. The hamlet of Bobent was captured, and further south, the village of Ablaincourt was penetrated. Having as their object the capture of hills lying between the Gueudecourt-Lesboeufs secion of our front and the main highway between Bapaume and Peronne, the British troops resumed the offensive. General Sir Douglas Haig has not much to say of the fighting that developed on the right wing of our front north of the Somme. We pressed forward our lines in the region of Gueudecourt and Lesboeufs, and also northwest of the former village we gained ground.

The inhabitants of Torrington turned out in large numbers to welcome home one of their fellow townsmen, Sapper Arthur J Ayre, RE, who the Distinguished Conduct Medal in France. The Mayor read the King’s message as follows:- His Majesty the King has been graciously pleased to approve of the award of the Distinguished Conduct Medal to Sapper A J Ayre, 173rd Tunnelling Company RE, for conspicuous gallantry. When the enemy exploded a mine he at once rushed in, with three other sappers, to save life. He rescued on of his comrades, who was incapacitated. 

At the Northam Urban District Tribunal, the local platoon commander reported that there had been an improvement in the attendances of conditionally exempted me at the Volunteer drills since the warning issued at the last sitting. The military appealed against a temporary exemption to Leonard James Lott and was advised that cream could not be considered a luxury as customers of Ford Farm were eating it instead of meat.

Nurse Connell, late of Bideford, and now sister at Howard’s Gardens Military Hospital, Cardiff, has been presented by the King at Buckingham Palace with the Military Royal Red Cross for services during the War. Mr Fred Fulford, Manager of Bideford Gas Works, has received a postcard from his son, William, that he is in hospital at Manchester, suffering from a wound. 

It is reported that Private F Lane has been killed in action, and Private W Morrish is in India – both are from the parish of East Putford. Mr W T Goaman, JP, received intimation that his only son, Gunner Frank Goaman, RFA, had been killed in action. He had enlisted under the Derby scheme. Intimation has been received of the death in action at the capture of Thiepval, of Private Leslie Couldridge, who was 19 years of age. He was a son of the late Mr W J Couldridge, of Bideford, and was the last of six brothers to join up. Mr Alfred Woolf, of Lower Meddon Street, has received official intimation that his son, Private Harry Woolf, of the Devons, was killed in action on 25th September. Less than a month ago, he was informed of the death of his elder son, Private A Woolf. 

Gunner Goaman (135687) died on 1 October 1916 and is buried in the Bulls Road Cemetery, Flers, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France. 

Private Harry Woolf (15966) 1st Battalion, Devonshire Regiment, died 25 September 1916. His death is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial. 

Private Leslie Couldridge (G/40019), Middlesex Regiment, died 26 September 1916. 

On his retirement from the position of headmaster of the Council schools, after a term of nearly 40 years, Mr N Copplestone has been presented with a framed address from the parents and friends of the pupils. With this address was presented a cheque for £11 collected by the scholars. Thomas Saunders, of Parkham, for driving a motor car with headlights, was fined 5s. William Colwill, a carrier of Hartland, was charged with using motor spirit in a motor car at Bude. The defendant pleaded not guilty but the Chairman said as it was the first case of this kind before them he would be fined. The wedding took place at India of a member of a much-esteemed North Devon family. Miss Isabella Hayward Channer (Bella) fourth daughter of Mrs Channer of Westward Ho! and the late General G N Channer, VC, CB, married Mr Richard Ferguson Hall, PWD of Benares.

24 October

South of the Somme the Germans have been dashing themselves fruitlessly against the French front. Later that week, in spite of the difficult nature of the grounds as a result of a night of heavy rainfall, the British troops were early in action north of the Somme. About 150 Germans were captured. On Saturday, there is another lull on the Somme front, broken only by the enemy’s attempt to regain his lost positions west of the Schwaben Redoubt. The immediate result of the French capture of the village of Sailly-Saillisel, is the withdrawal of the Germans from portions of the St Pierre Vaast Wood. By an attack on the left wing of the British front north of the Somme, we gained considerable ground, and took 1,108 prisoners. 

At the Devon Appeals Tribunal (North Devon Panel), Lieut Stirling commented upon the number of cases he met with at every tribunal where, directly it seemed likely a son on a farm would be called, other labour which had been there an appreciable time ‘got tired’ of farm work and left. It was very significant. 

The price of food is necessarily a matter of abiding interest and in the House of Commons, the President of the Board of Trade provided an explanation of the Government’s action in relation to the provisioning of the nation. There is much to be done, much that has not yet been attempted in the work of ameliorating war conditions for the great mass of the people. But it cannot be properly and effectively done by hasty and hot-headed action. 

A meeting of the Devonshire Women’s War Service Committee was held in Exeter. Miss Dickinson said the figures showed a total of available women amounting to 2,254. Miss Calmady-Hamlyn remarked that women’s work was hampered by the very absurd wages offered by the farmers in some of the districts of the county. The War Office issued as an Army Order, and as an amendment to the previous Regulations: ‘Officers, warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and men are forbidden to accept presents in money from public bodies or private individuals, in recognition of services rendered in performance of their duty. The Army Council Order of October 12th calling up the attested men of 41 has evoked much surprise and discontent.  

Bideford Council School Managers, at their meeting, passed a vote of condolence with their Chairman, Alderman T Goaman, on the death in action of his only grandson, Gunner Frank Goaman, son of Mr W T Goaman. Alderman Cock said it was some consolation to know that he died fighting for his country, and was brave to the last. Second Lieut L K de Courcy Ireland, of the Devonshire Regt, second son of the Rev E S de Courcy Ireland, is now home on leave, having been slightly wounded in the Somme fighting. The Reverend’s eldest son, Lieut G B de Courcy Ireland, fought at the battle of the Somme and lost his Colonel, Captain and several brother Officers. Writing to his parents (Mr and Mrs Fred Fulford of Nuttaberry House), Pte William Fulford, now in hospital with a severe gunshot wound and compound fracture, mentions that he received his wound in action just in front of Fleurs. Sergt-Major Collins writes to explain his non-appearance at Northam to lecture the Northam and Appledore Platoons of the 3rd Volunteer Devon Regiment. 

At Bideford Parish Church, Miss Edith Short, daughter of Mr and Mrs Thomas Short, Clovelly Road, was quietly married to Leading Seaman Gunner Wilfred Foley, RN. 

Mayor S R Chope and W T Charlewood, Chairman of the Executive, make a special appeal to the inhabitants of Bideford and District on behalf of the British Red Cross.

31st October

The Somme front has been converted into a quagmire by the persistent rain, with the result that infantry operations have been out of the question. The lot of the Germans in their hastily dug trenches and half flooded shell-holes is not enviable. Later that week, northeast of Lesboeufs, the British carried a series of important trenches and took 140 prisoners. Further progress was made in this region. The German official reports, as is their wont from time to time, again chronicle the ‘sanguinary repulse’ of Franco-British attacks that never took place. It is claimed that ‘two tanks’ were destroyed by direct hits. 

The most successful German airman, Capt. Boelcke, who is stated to have accounted for about forty Allied machines was killed in an air fight last Saturday. The German version is that he collided with another aeroplane and crashed to earth. Read more about him using the following link - Oswald Boelcke 

The Norwegian steamer, Rollon, laden with coals, had her cargo shifted near Lundy and in a few minutes, she completely turned turtle and sank. The crew clambered into the ship’s lifeboat but this too capsized. They managed to hang on to floating hatches, etc. and were picked up by a passing boat and landed at Swansea. No lives were lost.

Details are announced by the War Office of a scheme approved by the Government for coordinating and regularising the whole work of sending food and comforts to British prisoners of war. There are now over a thousand organisation apart from individuals, dealing with the sending of these parcels. Approximately 100, 000 parcels a week are dispatched. The new scheme will be brought into force on December 1, and will apply to all British prisoners of war – naval, military and civilian – except officers. Under the regulations of the Central Prisoners of War Committee all parcels and gifts for men of the Devon Regt will have to go through the Mayoress of Exeter’s Prisoner of War Department. 

The sad death, under most tragic circumstances, at Swansea of Captain William Griffith, of Endsleigh, Appledore, was announced. Trooper Ronald Sanders, Dragoon Guards (eldest son of Mr and Mrs John Sanders, Park Cottage, Horwood) has been admitted to hospital in France suffering from an injury to his knee, caused through his horse falling and stepping on him. Mrs Clements of 31 Cold Harbour, Bideford, received official notification that her son, Lance-Corporal Reginald Clements of the Devon Regiment, died in France on September 6th from wounds. He was buried by the chaplain. Lance-Corporal Cyril Marshall is home on sick leave; Privates Arthur Beer and Fred Fround, Devons, have visited their homes in Clovelly, and Private R Hortop and Chief Stoker P Tardivell have also been home on brief leave. 

31 October is ‘Our Day’ for the British Red Cross Society. 

Colonel Townley, as Vicar’s Churchwarden, on behalf of the parishioners of Northam and some old friends, presented the Rev Preb. M D Dimond-Churchward, MA, with a testimonial in the form of £108 and an album containing an illuminated inscription. 

At Winkleigh, an important property sale was conducted for Townsend Farm, Townsend House, The Cottage, Townsend Meadow, Quarry Park, Little Bennett’s Park, Middle Bennett’s Park, and Higher and Lower Hillmans.

7 November

An improvement in the weather has resulted in a little more activity on the Somme front. The British, in conjunction with the French, made a local attack east of LesBoeufs where some ground was gained. The total number of prisoners taken by the British off the Somme battlefield are up to 31,112. In the Verdun region the Germans admit that they have been forced to evacuate Fort Vaux, which they have held since June 8, when it fell to them after persistent attacks lasting 90 days. Later that week it is reported that the French extended their gains and entered Damloup and captured the whole village.

At Bideford Rural Tribunal, nine of fifteen cases were adjourned for a month for the men, generally young farm hands, to whom temporary exemptions had previously been given, to be medically examined and classified – Percy Heard (Hartland), Frank Jeffery (Hartland), Samuel John Pett (Landcross), Thomas Jennings (Clovelly), Sydney Richard Walter (Parkham), Frederick G Rowland (Hartland), Charles Bassett (Monkleigh), Edgar Braund (Buckland Brewer) and Wiliam H H Pengilly (Woolsery). Military appeals in the cases of Charles Withecombe (Littleham), Harold Matthews and Herbert G Williams (Hartland) were disallowed. Jack Boyle (Abbotsham) and Thomas Short (Parkham) were given conditional exemptions. Charles Jeffery (Woolsery) was exempted until 4th August next, when he will be 19.

Second-Lieutenant C H S Buckley, of the Devonshire Regiment, has been wounded. Temporary-Captain W E Maskell, Devon Regiment, has been gazetted to be acting Major. Second-Lieutenant Fred Jewell (Devons), third son of the Mayor and Mayoress of Barnstaple, who was recently wounded while serving in France, has sufficiently recovered to enable him to proceed to his home. Official news was received by Mr and Mrs Walter Wood that their son, Private Horace Wood, DCLI, has been killed in France. Private Wood was for two years at the Bideford Post Office prior to being transferred to Redruth. Mr Samuel Waldon, of Pine Cottage, Bideford, had a very pleasant surprise in the home-coming of his son John who sailed for Australia in 1882 and of whom no news had been heard for several years. The surprise was all the more pleasing as the son, in answer to the call for recruits, came forward to do his bit for the Homeland and joined His Majesty’s Army in Australia. Captain and Mrs C Everett of Instow, received a telegram stating that their eldest son, Lieutenant G Everett, had been wounded in France. In Parkham, five of their khaki men have been discharged from the Army, and of the others, W Sanders and T Neale have been promoted sergeants. Mr Tuplin, of Westward Ho!, was presented with a wrist watch as he leaves to joint the Army.

Two thousand troops have been sent to a Devonshire seaside resort and another 1,500 are expected there. 

The Lobby Correspondent of the ‘Daily News’ reports that more than a month ago a special Departmental Committee was appointed by the Secretary for War and its various Departments. 

‘Our Day’ collections in Devon are expected to produce about £7,000 for the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St John of Jerusalem. In Alwington, Miss Spring made a collection throughout the parish in a motor car. 

A pretty wedding took place at Buckland Brewer Parish Church between Frederick Thomas Hamlyn and Florrie Gordon, youngest daughter of Mr and Mrs R Gordon. Residents at Torrington are delighted to know that Councillor C D Copp has consented to fill the Mayoral chair for another year. The Committee of the Hospital, Bideford acknowledges with thanks – vegetables, Mrs Carrington; vegetables and jam, Rev E J Fyffe, Mr Goldby; apples, Mrs Nixon; bunch of grapes, Mr Blackmore; papers, Miss Oatway and Dr Plummer. The cheese making class, held daily in the Church Room at Langtree, has terminated. A War Savings Association has been started at the Day School in Langtree. Under the auspices of the Bideford and District Emergency League, a most successful whist drive was held in the Littleham Parish Room, the proceeds of which are to be devoted to a fund for providing Christmas parcels for the lads of Littleham and Northam Ridge serving their King and Country.

14 November

The French captured Ablaincourt and Pressoir, villages northeast of Chaulnes, and even advanced as far eastward as the outskirts of Gomiecourt. The Germans declare that their airmen raided various points behind the French lines, particularly in the Somme Valley. At Cerisy, ‘the centre of the French ammunition supply’ say the foe, a great conflagration was caused. On Thursday, German Main Headquarters admits the loss of Ablaincourt and Pressoir. Later that week, about 1,000 yards of frontage of the famous Regina Trench is captured by the Canadians. South of the Somme various German attacks have been crushed.

Rev Roland Gill, a previous Wesleyan Minister at Torrington, has been awarded the Military Medal for devotion and bravery whilst serving as a Private in the RAMC on the Somme.

Most of the Langtree men who belong to the North Devon Hussars are now transferred to other regiments, and are in the firing line. Under Parkham’s roll of honour, the first funeral took place in the parish churchyard, that of Private J Ayre, of Holsbury Mill, Parkham, who died of wounds received in action in France. Sad news reached Appledore that Arthur Gregory, son of Captain Thomas Gregory, of Post Office Hill, has been killed in action in France. Mr and Mrs James Cook of Vernons Lane, Appledore, received a postcard from the Red Cross in regard to their son, Private George Cook, advising that he was interred as a prisoner of war. Mr T Brend has been notified that his son, Private T Brend, is in hospital suffering from fever. Major G W F Brown (Devons Regiment), has been promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel.

At the monthly meeting of Northam Urban District Council, it was stated that the reservoir at Melbury was overflowing, and millions of gallons were running to waste.

21 November

General Sir Douglas Haig confirmed the capture of Beaumont Hamel, a village north-west of the Ancre. It had been powerfully fortified. “In our stubborn defence we also suffered considerable losses” – this phenomenal statement appears in yesterday’s German report, which, referring to the battle of Ancre, also admits the loss of Beaumont-Hamel and St. Pierre-Divion. According to the same source, the British attack extended as far north as the region of Hebuterne. Later that week, the German counter-attack on the French both north and south of the Somme is described as one of the most powerful that the enemy has made on this front since July 1st, and at the same time one of the most costly to himself. The Germans managed to capture a portion of Pressoir, but during the night they were driven out again. 

Private J Cawsey (Welsh Regiment) is reported wounded. Second-Lieutenant G B de Courcy Ireland, KRRC, has been awarded the Military Cross. Mr J E Jones, for a number of years Sergeant Major of the Royal North Devon Hussars, stationed at Bideford and Torrington, has received intimation that his only son, Lance-Corporal Percy (John) Jones, DCLI, has died of wounds in hospital in France.

 

Corporal Percy John Jones (14536), 6th Battalion, Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry, died 16th September 2016. His death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial.

Westcountry officers have gained the Military Cross and these include – Captain Austin Basil Clarke, MB, RAMC, son of the late Dr Clarke, of Shebbear, and of Mrs Clarke; and Acting Captain S Norrish, Bedfordshire Regiment, son of Mr and Mrs E C Norrish, Hillsleigh, Instow. The hospital staff of the hospital where Private J Ayre died, paid their respect and sent an everlasting wreath for his grave. 

At Torrington Rural Tribunal, the following men had their cases reviewed – Baker, Pett, Parish, Vodden, Wonnacott, Mair, Parsons, Squire, Kneebone, Clements, Adams, Turner, Moore, Avery and Thorne. 

The five battalions of the Devon Volunteer Regiment took part in the first of a series of test mobilization for home defence. Probably between 2,000 and 3,000 men took part. 

A momentous statement covering the intentions of the Government in regard to the State control of the food of the country was made in the House of Commons. A Food Controller is to be appointed, who will co-ordinate the activities of all the expert Committees at present regulating the provision and distribution of wheat, meat, sugar and other necessities.

You are encouraged not to hoard gold and silver. 

A splendid response is being made to the appeal for donations for the upkeep of the Red Cross Hospital at Torrington. A lady of the neighbourhood has sent a cheque for £100, whilst others are furnishing a ward. The Red Cross Society granted certificates and badges to the following ladies who have been helping at Lady Stucley’s Working Party at Hartland Abbey – Lady Stucley, Mesdames Clatworthy, Fitz-Gerald, Luft, Reynolds and Sleep, and the Misses Knight, Prust, Reynolds, and Taylor. The Northam Branch of Bideford War Supply Depot acknowledges with thanks gifts of materials from Messrs Merefield and Trapnell, Mr Bishop, Mr Verren, Mr P K Harris and Mr Lamey. In Buckland Brewer, the War Committee has collected the sum of £14 to send a Christmas Parcel. 

Rev G G Payne-Cook, MA, one of the minor canons, has been appointed to the vicarage of Northam with Westward Ho! 

A pretty wedding was solemnised at St Michaels Parish Church, Torrington. The contracting parties were First Class Petty Officer George Jones, eldest son of Chief P.O George Jones, Torrington, and Miss Kate Gilbert, sixth daughter of Mr and Mrs George Gilbert, Well Street, Torrington.

28 November

There was intermittent artillery fighting on the whole of the British front in France yesterday. The most interesting feature of the British communiques is the Germans showed considerable enterprise in the air and crossed the British lines. The result was that three of their aeroplanes fell into British hands and a fourth was driven down in the German lines. This at the cost of one British plane missing. Six German destroyers attempted a raid on the Downs during the night of November 23rd-24th but after firing twelve rounds, which merely damaged the upper works of a British drifter, they hurried away. The German Admiralty declared that the ‘fortified place’ of Ramsgate was bombarded, and that a ‘patrol vessel’ was sunk. 

Two German machines have fallen to French aviators who have also bombed the railway station and bivouacs of the enemy on the Somme. 

The many friends of Mr J T Shutt, ex Head Postman of Bideford, will be pleased to learn that Private W H Shutt of the Queen’s Royal West Surrey Regiment has been commended for bravery in the field. Acting-Captain S Norrish is the third Instow gentleman to win the Military Cross, like honours having been won by Captains J Christie and E E Mulock. Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant E W Grant has arrived in England from India after nearly two years’ service with the Devons. 

Mr and Mrs T Brend heard from the War Office that their son, Private R J Brend, died. His only brother is in France. This makes Parkham’s third patriot to give his life for his country. Mrs Harris, of West Cottage, Bickington, has received a sad notification from the War Office to the effect that her husband, Lance-Corporal Reuben Harris, Black Watch, died on November 2nd from disease. He was the son of Mr and Mrs J Harris, of South Lodge, Tapeley Park. 

Much sympathy will be felt for Mr and Mrs W R Jenkinson, Clovelly Road, Bideford, in their anxiety as unofficial news has reached them that their only son, is reported as missing. He went through the big push on July 1st with the Lewis machine gun section. 

Lance-Corporal William Ernest Gordon Jenkinson (SPT/448), 24th Royal Fusiliers, died 12 or 13 November 1916 and his death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial. 

A re-union of old and present members of the B.A.A.C will take place.

Torrington Board of Guardians decided to grant the usual Christmas fare to the officers and inmates of the Workhouse, with the exception of the beer allowance. The second appeal of the Bideford’s Farmers’ Union for the Red Cross Funds takes place today and it is hoped that a sum of at least £300 will be raised. Coles & Lee is advertising gifts for soldiers. A marriage was solemnised in the United Methodist Church between Mr Mark Ashton, of Frithelstock, and Miss Nora Johnson, of Monkleigh.

5 December

News has been received of the death in action of Private Bertie Ball, son of Mr T Ball, of Stone.

Private Bertie John James Ball (33563), Devonshire Regiment, died 8 November 1916 and his death is commemorated on The Thiepval Memorial.

Bideford War Supply Depot has received an urgent appeal for knitted comforts for our soldiers.

It was not by any means anticipated when the farmers of the Bideford district last year raised £525 for the British Farmers’ Red Cross Fund that within a year they would be asked to double their subscription, but last Tuesday’s effort shewed that at any rate the great majority of farmers were again willing to do their bit to help the Red Cross and other funds. They wanted to raise £300 in order to make the total contribution up to £1,000 and so create an easy record for North Devon.

A prosecution against John Jewell, dairyman of Burscott Farm, Clovelly, was dismissed by the Bench. At Bideford Borough Sessions, William Tithecott, manager of a butcher’s shop in Mill Street, Bideford, was summoned for illegally slaughtering a calf in contravention of the Maintenance of Livestock Orders. Defendant admitted killing the calf but said he was not guilty of doing it unlawfully. Supt Shutler said it was a wilful disobedience of the Orders. The Chairman announced that they found an offence had been committed but as this was the first case that had come before the Bench, they were treating it in a very lenient way.

Bideford War Agricultural Committee discussed a letter from General Sclater of the Southern Command, relative to the employment of German Prisoners of war on the land. The feeling of the meeting was that prisoner labour could be made use of in the district, and the district could employ 100 men to commence with, to be accommodated in a central camp capable of considerable extension later on as required. A steam plough has arrived at Coham, Black Torrington.

A wedding has taken place in the Langtree parish church between Miss Bessie Davey and Private George Bond, RNDH.

Farleigh’s Stores, 82 High Street, Bideford, has issued a Christmas Price List, 1916, as has the Quay Café.

12 December

There is no break in the lull on the Somme front, where there has been nothing but artillery and trench mortar activity. The German version of their attack on Hill 304 is that they actually occupied the summit and captured 195 prisoners. The French stated that they simply obtained a footing in some advanced element of our Ally’s line.

As Christmas draws near millions of men – the bravest of sons of the Empire – will be turning their thoughts from battlefield or battleship, from camp or trench, to the old home and the family circle, wistfully dreaming of other days when they too were of the happy party.

News has been received of the death of Private R H Tolley, Devon Regiment, who was the eldest son of Mr Henry Tolley, late of the Devon Constabulary, and of Mrs Tolley. Mrs E Copp, of Ivy Cottage, Meddon Street, Bideford, has received a letter from her husband, Private E Copp, stating he is now in hospital at Newton Abbot. Sergeant Hector Munro, Royal Fusiliers, son of the late Colonel C A Munro, of Hill Crest, Westward Ho! has been officially reported killed on November 14th. 

Lance-Sergeant Hector Hugh (Saki) Munro (K225), Royal Fusiliers, died 14 November 1916 at Beaumont-Hamel, Departement de la Somme, Picardie, France and his death is commemorated at The Thiepval Memorial.

Corporal S G Heath, son of Mr and Mrs G Heath, of Bideford, has been awarded the Military Medal for conspicuous bravery in the field. Second-Lieutenant Aubrey Lamplugh, only son of the Vicar of Frithelstock, is home for a few day’s leave. Mr Lewis William Pickard, formerly of the Mill, Hartland, had a commission offered him and is now attached to the Officers’ Cadet Battalion. News has been received that Corporal A Burrows, son of Mr and Mrs W Burrows, of Langtree, has been promoted. After a long illness, the death occurred of Colonel Bernard Channer, DSO, Indian Army (retired), at his residence, High Bickington. 

A presentation about General Booth’s Women’s Empire Migration Scheme is at the Town Hall, Bideford.

Or you can visit the Electric Palace, Bideford, to watch the ‘original and authentic Film of The Battle of the Somme’.

The Wesleyan friends at Alverdiscott are to be congratulated on the result of their efforts to raise a sum of money to enable them to send a suitable Christmas parcel to every member of the parish who had joined the Army. 

A very pretty wedding – the first military one to take place in the parish, has been solemnised at Petersmarland, the parties being Sapper Frank Cole, and Miss Linda Ellis. The sister of Mr H Cowell, Manager of Bideford Collar Works, Lillian Cowell, married Walter Leonard Boston Bourke in London.

19 December

The Bideford Weekly Gazette reports that ‘The new Government, which has come into office, differs materially from all others in the history of the nation, not alone because of the special circumstances under which it has come into being, but because of the determined attempt made to differentiate between party obligation and individual efficiency in appointments to the several offices of State. The addition of a Minister of Labour, a Food Controller, a Shipping Controller, a Pensions Minister and a Blockade Minister to the list of members of the Government is a new departure which has been universally well received showing that Mr Lloyd George and his colleagues are fully alive to the new developments of activity which must be grafted on to the ancient Departmental stem for the national service in these times.’

German losses are reported as over 3,000,000.

The death is announced of Corporal (Thomas Henry) Harry Shute, of the Welsh Regiment, son of Mr and Mrs T Shute, Higher Cleave Houses, Bideford. He was killed in action in France. Sergeant F Clements, Royal Engineers, who lives in Torrington, has been awarded the Military Medal. Mr and Mrs Thomas Jenn, The Quay, Clovelly, are to be congratulated on the fact that they have no less than ten members of their family serving King and Country. 

The news that Preb Dimond Churchward has died so soon after his retirement will be the occasion of much sorrow in North Devon.

In Clovelly, the children of the Council School have contributed to the ‘Overseas Club’. A jumble sale for the Forces was successful and raised over £20 and contributions were made by Mesdames J Cruse, D Headon, Reynolds, Misses Ruth Cruse, Hilda Merchant, Ida Cruse, May Cruse, Nellie Jennings, Slee, Doris Merchant, Charlotte and Ethel Johns, E Rowe, Florence Braund and Doris Marshall. Torrington Branch of the Workers’ Union held a social evening and raised £5 which has been forwarded to the Soldiers Comfort Fund. In Hartland it has been agreed that Sunday scholars will forego reward books this year in favour of Bideford Hospital Funds. The children of Elmscott Council School have contributed and sent 12/- to the Overseas Club Christmas Fund and 6/9 to the Jack Cornwell Memorial. 

28 December

The King sends a greeting to his Sailors and Soldiers.

The death of Private Leonard Johns, of West Dyke Farm, Clovelly, was announced and a memorial service was conducted at Providence Chapel.

Private Leonard Johns, (13489), Machine Gun Corps Infantry, died 16 October 1916 (also reported as 17 October 1916) and is commemorated at The Thiepval Memorial.

At the monthly meeting of Bideford Urban District Council, the issue of cultivating the Park was discussed.

Mr T Backway, 24 Brookfield Street, East-the-Water, is used to promote the use of Doan’s backache kidney pills. Five children from the United Methodist Sunday School – Winnie and Joyce Dymond, Irene Stapledon, Fred Cardew and W T Thorne – successfully sat for and passed the Connectional Scripture Examination. In Weare Giffard, Mrs Balsdon has been able to again forward parcels of comforts to men from the parish serving the war.

This Christmastide was the quietest known for a generation.

The horrific conditions and number of dead make the Battle of the Somme one of the most momentous in history and it came to represent horror and futility - 141 days of hell for six to seven miles of territory gained by the Allies. Poets and writers of the day, some of whom took part in The Great War, captured emotions, feelings, and the atmosphere with their words. Siegfried Sassoon wrote ‘The Kiss’ whilst in training shortly before the Battle of the Somme:

To these I turn, in these I trust;
Brother Lead and Sister Steel.
To his blind power I make appeal;
I guard her beauty clean from rust.
He spins and burns and loves the air,
And splits a skull to win my praise;
But up the nobly marching days
She glitters naked, cold and fair.
Sweet Sister, grant your soldier this;
That in good fury he may feel
The body where he sets his heel
Quail from your downward darting kiss

The deaths and injuries detailed above are not a definitive list, but include those detailed in the newspaper at that time. 

References used – Wikipedia; The Keep Military Museum (Dorchester); The First World War Memorial Book of Bideford (Ian Arnold & Richard Morris); Northam Remembered (Peter Griffey); The Gazette – Official Public Record; Ancestry UK; Imperial War Museum; Wordsworth Editions; Siegfried Sassoon